nextfile Statement
gawk provides the nextfile statement,
which is similar to the next statement.
However, instead of abandoning processing of the current record, the
nextfile statement instructs gawk to stop processing the
current data file.
The nextfile statement is a gawk extension.
In most other awk implementations,
or if gawk is in compatibility mode
(see Options),
nextfile is not special.
Upon execution of the nextfile statement, FILENAME is
updated to the name of the next data file listed on the command line,
FNR is reset to one, ARGIND is incremented, and processing
starts over with the first rule in the program.
(ARGIND hasn't been introduced yet. See Built-in Variables.)
If the nextfile statement causes the end of the input to be reached,
then the code in any END rules is executed.
See BEGIN/END.
The nextfile statement is useful when there are many data files
to process but it isn't necessary to process every record in every file.
Normally, in order to move on to the next data file, a program
has to continue scanning the unwanted records. The nextfile
statement accomplishes this much more efficiently.
While one might think that `close(FILENAME)' would accomplish
the same as nextfile, this isn't true. close is
reserved for closing files, pipes, and coprocesses that are
opened with redirections. It is not related to the main processing that
awk does with the files listed in ARGV.
If it's necessary to use an awk version that doesn't support
nextfile, see
Nextfile Function,
for a user-defined function that simulates the nextfile
statement.
The current version of the Bell Laboratories awk
(see Other Versions)
also supports nextfile. However, it doesn't allow the nextfile
statement inside function bodies
(see User-defined).
gawk does; a nextfile inside a
function body reads the next record and starts processing it with the
first rule in the program, just as any other nextfile statement.
Caution: Versions of gawk prior to 3.0 used two
words (`next file') for the nextfile statement.
In version 3.0, this was changed
to one word, because the treatment of `file' was
inconsistent. When it appeared after next, `file' was a keyword;
otherwise, it was a regular identifier. The old usage is no longer
accepted; `next file' generates a syntax error.